вот госпожа русскаи и к ним примкнувшие хочу сказать немножко о фарма Индустрии в индии и прилагаю статью.
в производстве лекарство есть понятия молекуль формуляция и доза.
на каждую болезнь надо разработивать отделное лекарство которые группириуется поразному.
чтобы разработать лекарство надо синтезировать молекуль что очень сложно Транснационалные компании вкалдывают на это дело миллионы и миллиардные доллары патентирует и потом производят и продают в цене препарата себе стоимость самого сыря состоит вселишь 10% осталное это возврат денги потраченное на разработку и денги на будушую разработку.тобишь следуюшего поколения.
Индусы донедавных пор концентроировали на аналогов так как средство таких как у западных не было.
зато с помошью реверс индженеринг ( винни наверно знает что это такое) смогли производить даже те лекарсвто которые были под патентом только мы производили поддругим процессом а продукт тоже самое начто западники злились и подавали в суд на индииских фирм в ВТО(всемираная торговая организация) но приграли посколко у них был патентирован только процесс а несам продукт(молекуль) с 1ого января 2005 и тот и другой патентирован( хочу напоминать индусы до сих пор непроигрывали неодно судебное дело в ВТО вам русским все это предстоит так как вы нечлен ВТО).ну индусы заставили их на много препаратов
освободить патент чтобы мы тоже могли производить.( это как баш на баш)
фишка в чем недавно гигант ВАИЕР(немцы) разробатал молекуль а ежедневную дозу не могли индусы это делали и от них бабки имели и будут имееть( видите даже белые западные могучие немцы не смогли а мы крык сделали)( прилагаю статью)
вот недавно был в одном заводе в россии куда приехал индиискии специалист обяснял ВЕЛИКИМ И МОГУЧИМ РУССКИМ ФОРМИЛИРОВАТЬ ХИМ ПРЕПАРАТЫ (ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ 60 ГОДОВ ПРОШЛОГО ВЕКА) (НЕ ФАРМ ПРЕПАРАТЫ) А ВЕЛИКИЕ МОГУЧИЕ РУССКИЕ(СЕДЫЕ) С ОТКРЫТОМ РОТОМ СЛЫШАЛИ ПОСКОЛЬКУ НЕЗНАЛИ. А НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ НЕРАССКЗАЛ ПОСКОЛЬКУ НЕПОИМУТ.
ТАК ЧТО ВОПРЕКИ СУШЕСТВУЮШЕГО МНЕНИЯ ВОТ МЫ РУССАКИ БОЛЕЕ УМНЫЕ(ТАК КАК БЕЛЫЕ ЕВРОПЕИЦЫ) ЧЕМ АЗИАТЫ ТЕМ БОЛЕЕ ИНДУСЫ ОПРОВЕРГНУТО.Я БЫЛ В ШОКЕ КОГДА ВИДЕЛ ЭТУ КАРТИНУ А ИНДУС КОТОРЫЙ БЫЛ ПЕРВЫЙ РАЗ В РОССИИ БЫЛ В ДВОИНОМ ШОКЕ ОН ТО ДУМАЛ ВОТ ЕДУ В РОССИЮ ТАМ ГДЕ ВСЕ КРУТО.
В россии эти отрасли как агрохимия так фармацевтика нетак развита как в индии или в китай неговоря о западе.здесь даже научной базы нет как это говориться на нишсегментах.
а еще если эти что то умеют производить продавать точно неумеют нас спрашивают помогите плз.опять что сыре а не value added products.(товары с добавленной стоимостю.
вот вам статья читаите внимателно
What the deal symbolizes is the strength of the company in carrying on research in NDSS. The deal also further symbolizes the potential this area offers to the players in the industry. A general view that the market has on Indian pharmaceutical compa-nies is that they do not have the funds or the infrastructure required for the discovery of a new drug molecule. This has been contradicted by companies like Ranbaxy and Dr Reddy's. Hitherto the drug industry thrived on formulations and diversified into bulk drugs production. It is now learning that research can be paying under the international patent regime. On the flip side, the experiences also bring out a sad fact that Indian drug companies are puny in relation to giant MNCs and incapable of developing fruits of their research into commercial products.
t is a moment of pride for the Indian pharma industry. Next to the Indian software companies having already left their imprints on the global scene, it is now turn of pharma companies to make their presence felt. The $65 million deal between Ranbaxy and Bayer AG of Germany for an oral once-a day dosage form of Ciprofloxacin, is likely to set a major trend for the Indian pharma industry. Ranbaxy has sold the exclusive development and global marketing rights.

The country's first pharma multinational in true sense with over half of its earning, generated from overseas operations, Ranbaxy has over the years emerged as a major player in anti-infectives, quinolones and dermatology. Ranbaxy sales during the 12 months period March' 99 were Rs 1,426.20 crore on which it realized a net profit of Rs 165.50 crore.

The company currently spends Rs 45 crore of its turnover on research and plans to invest around 8 per cent of its sales in the coming years. It is vigorously pursuing its mission of becoming a research based international pharmaceutical company. It has a clinical facility to undertake clinical trials for phase I and II for New Drug Delivery Systems and new chemical entities (NCEs).

On the bourses the news of the deal has been received with elation. The Ranbaxy scrip touched an all time high of Rs 1,153 during the mid-week and its market capitalization touched a remarkable Rs 13,050 crore.

As many as 24.51 lakh shares were traded on the BSE, registering a turnover of Rs 278 crore, and 29.94 lakh shares on the NSE. The scrip closed the BSE at Rs 1,126 up 2.60 per cent from previous day's close of Rs 1,097.50, and the NSE at Rs 1,134, up 3.60 per cent from previous day's close of Rs 1,094.35. The scrip has surged phenomenally in just over one year as the chart seem to suggest, it has surged by 155 per cent since March. While in dollar terms Ranbaxy realized a net profit of $27 million last year, it has received $10 million purely as upfront payment in the current fiscal. This will be reflected in the current year's earnings.

What the deal symbolizes is the strength of the company in carrying on research in NDSS. The deal also further symbolizes the potential this area offers to the players in the industry. A general view that the market has on Indian pharmaceutical companies is that they do not have the funds or the infrastructure required for the discovery of a new drug molecule. This has been contradicted by companies like Ranbaxy and Dr Reddy's.

Interestingly, Dr Reddy's and Ranbaxy have developed new molecules at a fraction of international cost despite the fact that these kinds of research are very expensive.

Dr Reddy's have entered into a tie-up with multinational Novo Nordisc to conduct clinical trials for the developed new molecules while Ranbaxy planned to carry-out trials on its own.

Cost of research by Indian companies is much lower than those compared to their Western counterparts. This is proved by the fact that Dr Reddy's two discoveries in diabetes / dyslipedimia and one in cancer entailed an investment of just Rs 40 crore. The Rs 40 crore invested in drug discovery represents just one-tenth of the budgets of the West for similar projects.

More than anything, the deal has proved the potential of Indian companies. This could lead to more MNCs viewing India as their R&D base. As per the deal with Bayer Ag, the company has received $10 million as signing amount and will further receive success related milestone payments in excess of $50 million over a two and half-year period depending on the speed and scope of development. The total upfront plus milestones would be in the range of $65.

The company will also receive royalty payments from Bayer of upto 10 per cent of sales of the new product in individual countries. The agreement will be valid for 20 years from the date of the patent.

While Bayer Ag has obtained world-wide marketing rights for the new drug delivery system, Ranbaxy has retained marketing rights for India and the CIS. The two partners will co-market and co-promote the product in certain markets. The domestic Ciprofloxacin market is estimated at Rs 300 crore while the CIS market is of a size of $10 million.

Cipro is reported to have sales of DM 2.5 million in 1998 and is sold in 100 countries. In India alone, the market for the Ciprofloxacin segment is estimated at Rs 300 crore. These figures point to a strong potential the drug has.

However the royalty payment of up to 10 per cent will depend on the patent and competitive situation in individual countries. For instance, if a competitor emerges for the once-a-day Ciprofloxacin formulation in a particular market, the royalty payment that will accrue to Ranbaxy will be less than 10 per cent.

The new cipro can also face threats from other newer generation quinolones which include Bayers own moxifloxacin, which is under registration and tosufloxacin and grepafloxacin from Japanese firms Toyuma and Otsuka respectively. The key market for the $1.30 billion Cipro is the US where Bayer's patent expires in October 2002.

The product goes off patent in Japan in September 2001 and in the UK, France and Bayer's home market of Germany in August 2001. These dates will decide when royalties flow to Ranbaxy, moreso it depends when Bayer decides to launch the new cipro.

The emerging global trends offer a range of opportunities for Indian drug companies. With the new patents regime coming into force, large Indian companies have increased their focus on R&D with their expenditure accounting for a larger proportion of the revenue. We need to tap our large pool of skilled personnel for greater value addition in the global drugs discovery and testing endeavour. New medicines being developed require a lower dosage, have fewer side effects or are just a better cure. But this calls for a world-class enabling environment for innovation all across the value chain in drugs.

Even at this increased levels the research expense of Indian companies are much below the global levels. The average R&D expenditure of top 30 Indian companies was less than four per cent of the turnover against the international level of 20 per cent. Wockhardt spent 10.5 per cent of its turnover during the last financial year for R&D, while Torrent Pharma spent 6.4 per cent, Dr Reddy's 4.4 per cent, Sun Pharma 4.2 percent, Cipla and Ranbaxy four per cent each.

Meanwhile, companies like Nicholas Piramal, Unichem and Kopran also plan to offer their R&D set-up to other companies on contract, setting a new trend of contract research.

Hitherto the drug industry thrived on formulations and diversified into bulk drugs production. It is now learning that research can be paying under the international patent regime. On the flip side, the experiences also bring out a sad fact. Indian drug companies are puny in relation to giant MNCs like Bayer and Pfizer.

They cannot develop fruits of their research into commercial products. This involves expensive clinical trials in the industrialized countries. Besides Indian companies lack the massive marketing network to penetrate America, Europe and Japan. Productive research has to be routed abroad through multinationals.

Ranbaxy's mega deal to sell a novel drug delivery system (NDSS) brings into focus the money NDSS route can provide. It has paid rich dividends. After all, research for new dosage is more skill intensive - costs average just over $one million; whereas Ranbaxy stands to get $65 million in licensing fees alone. The fallout in terms of market capitalization and share price rally has been far greater. The company is also reported to be working on a novel dosage form for omeprazole, an anti-ulcerant, which again is expected to go off patent in the next few years.

Ranbaxy has preferred to license its find, rather than follow through with the more costly and risky development phase and beyond. Earlier , discovery research at Ranbaxy has yielded a potential molecule to treat enlarged prostates. But the possible cure would require several years of cost intensive clinical trials. And here although the company is in the process of completing phase I clinical trials on its own, it is planning to license its molecule for phase two onwards.

In medicine, Ranbaxy and Reddy have shown that its pays to let organized talent reach for the stars. This may yet happen in India software which has in a manner of speaking, reversed the brain drain. Growing medical research too can reverse the brain drain and attract not only domestic talent but also attract brains that have emigrated.

A growing number of Indian pharma companies engaged in R&D can also attract venture capital to fund research of new molecules as is the practice in the Western world. It can also lead to setting up of more organizations engaged in pure research, on support from MNCs. In the developed world venture capitalists and MNCs support pharma companies engaged in pure research and when a new molecule is developed, pay handsomely to buy rights of new drugs. This include royalty payments as well.

http://www.iw.sify.com/home/dhan/moneyline/990914-ranbaxy.html